Blood and liver telomere length, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and hepatic gene expression of mitochondrial dynamics in mid-lactation cows supplemented with L-carnitine under systemic inflammation

The current study was conducted to examine the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) per cell in mid-lactation cows challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) blood liver. mRNA abundance 31 genes related inflammation, oxidative stress, corresponding stress response mechanisms, quality control protein import system, as well phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, were assessed using microfluidics integrated fluidic circuit chips (96.96 dynamic arrays). Besides comparing responses with or without L-carnitine, our objectives characterize inflammatory status assessing circulating concentration lactoferrin (Lf), haptoglobin (Hp), fibrinogen, derivates reactive oxygen metabolites (dROM), arylesterase activity (AEA), extend measurement Lf Hp milk. Pluriparous Holstein assigned either a group (CON, n = 26) an supplemented (CAR; 25 g L-carnitine/cow/d; d 42 ante partum 126 postpartum (pp), 27). On 111 pp, each cow injected intravenously LPS (Escherichia coli O111: B4, 0.5 µg/kg). examined liver biopsies −11 +1 relative administration. Plasma milk samples frequently collected before after challenge. After administration, plasma fibrinogen serum dROM concentrations increased, whereas AEA decreased. Moreover, P4 initially increased 3 h administration declined thereafter irrespective grouping. both groups CAR showing greater than CON group. mtDNAcn decreased; however, remained unaffected For genes, hepatic translocase inner membrane (TIM)-17B cows. TIM23 Regarding 7 out 14 showed × time interactions, indicating (local) protective due dietary against mid-lactating dairy length, effects LPS-induced inflammation more pronounced L-carnitine. Dietary affected primarily altering dynamics. (TIM complex) seemed be sensitive outer (TOM complex).